http://117.239.156.194:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/11 The Department of Economics started in the year 1957, is one of the oldest departments of Mar Athanasius College (Autonomous). The Department offers undergraduate, postgraduate programmes and facility for Research in Economics. The B. A. Economics programme was started in 1957 and M. A. Economics was introduced in the decennial year 1965. Sun, 04 Jan 2026 04:04:33 GMT 2026-01-04T04:04:33Z http://117.239.156.194:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/73 Title: THE LOG OF GRAVITY Authors: Silva, Santos, Silvana Enreyro Abstract: Although economists have long been aware of Jensen’s in- equality, many econometric applications have neglected an important implication of it: under heteroskedasticity, the parameters of log- linearized models estimated by OLS lead to biased estimates of the true elasticities. We explain why this problem arises and propose an appropri- ate estimator. Our criticism of conventional practices and the proposed solution extend to a broad range of applications where log-linearized equations are estimated. We develop the argument using one particular illustration, the gravity equation for trade. We find significant differences between estimates obtained with the proposed estimator and those ob- tained with the traditional method. Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 GMT http://117.239.156.194:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/73 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z